The Chattooga River is one of the few remaining free-flowing streams in the
Southeast. The setting is primitive. Dense forests and undeveloped shorelines
characterize the primitive nature of the area. Floaters, hikers, and fishermen
can all enjoy this protected river corridor.
The river begins in mountainous North Carolina as small rivulets, nourished by
springs and abundant rainfall, high on the slopes of the Appalachian Mountains -
the start of a fifty-mile journey that ends at Lake Tugaloo between Georgia and
South Carolina. From its origin, it flows southward for ten miles in North
Carolina, and then continues for forty miles as the state boundary between South
Carolina and Georgia, dropping almost one-half mile in elevation. (Go to Sumter
National Forest for information on paddling the Chattooga and other rivers in
South Carolina.)
On May 10, 1974, Congress designated the Chattooga a Wild and Scenic River. Few
rivers possess the special characteristics to qualify. This protection is
reserved for rivers possessing not only outstanding scenery but also recreation,
wildlife, geologic, and cultural values. No motorized vehicles are permitted
within a corridor about one-fourth mile wide on either side of the river.
Human-made facilities are minimal, consisting primarily of hiking trails and
primitive camping facilities.
The River by Sections
Headwaters to State Highway 28 Bridge -- No Boating
Through the Chattooga River Gorge. Waterfalls & impenetrable rapids.
Under the shadow of Whiteside Mountain, the highest sheer cliffs in the East,
the Chattooga headwaters spill over small ledges and waterfalls. Much of the
first six miles is privately owned with limited public access. The waters then
enter the narrow Chattooga River gorge. In the next twenty miles the river
gathers momentum through remote country, following a narrow, twisting route over
continuous rapids, huge boulders and self-cut rock flumes, slowing only
occasionally in quiet, deep pools.
At the end of this stretch the River breaks free from the gorge, flowing
relatively wide and smooth for six miles through an area bounded by old fields.
Only three bridges, Grimshaws, Bullpen and Burrells' Ford, cross the River on
this section. Below the Bullpen Bridge at the state line is the Ellicott's Rock
Wilderness, named after a famous surveyor who determined the western boundaries
between North Carolina and Georgia.
Burrells' Ford Campground, located just below the bridge on Burrells' Ford Road,
is a 350-yard walk from a parking lot. People who camp in areas where cars are
prohibited can enjoy it.
Floating Section I: West Fork to Main River
Trout fishing and gentle canoe ride
The merging of three streams at Three Forks of northeastern Georgia forms the
West Fork of the Chattooga River. The 3 miles (5.3 km) above Overflow Bridge
provides good fishing for native trout. Because of the extremely rough terrain
and lack of access, at least 1/2 day is necessary to view this segment. The use
of floating equipment is impractical. The southeastern (lower) four-mile section
(6.4 km) of the River is a slow moving, gentle stream which is suitable for the
novice canoer.
Average floating time for this section is based on the gauge on the west end of
the State Highway 28 bridge.
|
Time in Hours |
| Water
Level (Ft.) |
.5 |
1.0 |
2.0 |
| Inner
Tube |
4 |
3 |
2 |
| Raft |
3 |
2 |
1 |
| Canoe
or Kayak |
2 |
1.5 |
1 |
Floating Section II: State Highway 28 Bridge to Earl's Ford
Medium excitement - one class 3 rapid
The Chattooga River is relatively calm for about 7 miles. Shelf-like rapids and
only one Class 3 rapid (Big Shoals) make this portion of the river an excellent
area for novice whitewater boaters.
The major put-in point is at State Highway 28 where a 30-yard portage is
required. Most boaters take out at Earl's Ford and carry their equipment
1/4-mile (420 meters) to reach vehicles. Average floating times for Section 11
are based on the gauge on the west end of the State Highway 28 Bridge.
|
Time in Hours |
| Water
Level (Ft.) |
.5 |
1.0 |
2.0 |
| Inner
Tube |
8 |
6 |
5 |
| Raft |
5 |
4 |
3 |
| Canoe
or Kayak |
4 |
3 |
2 |
Floating Section III: Earl's Ford to U.S. 76 Bridge
Where the banjos pick up speed. For experts only.
At Earl's Ford, Chattooga River again gathers momentum as it plunges over
ledges, around boulders and through steep gorges. This section requires
expertise. Scouting of rapids is necessary. Numerous deaths have occurred along
this segment of the river. To enter this 14-mile section at Earl's Ford requires
a 1/4-mile walk in.
A good test of your boating ability is at Warwoman Rapid (the second rapid),
located about 1/4-mile (400 meters) below Earl's Ford. This rapid requires an
S-shaped maneuver near the left bank. If you have problems here, turn back, as
much more difficult rapids lie ahead.
At the Narrows, vertical rock walls constrict the river to a dangerous 15-foot
wide channel which is nearly impossible to portage. Bull Sluice, a Class 5
rapid, is encountered in a blind curve about 400 yards (370 meters) before the
U.S. 76 Bridge. Scouting Bull Sluice is mandatory; portaging is recommended for
all but expert boaters. Persons familiar with the river can recognize it by the
large exposed rock dome on the Georgia side.
|
U.S. 76 Bridge Gauge |
|
Time in Hours |
| Water
Level (Ft.) |
1.0 |
2.0 |
3.0 |
| Raft |
8 |
6 |
5 |
| Canoe |
7 |
5 |
4 |
| Kayak |
6 |
4 |
3 |
|
Earl's Ford Gauge |
|
Time in Hours |
| Water
Level (Ft.) |
.5 |
1.0 |
2.0 |
| Raft |
8 |
6 |
5 |
| Canoe |
7 |
5 |
4 |
| Kayak |
6 |
4 |
3 |
Floating Section IV: U.S. 76 to Tugaloo Lake
The most challenging rapids of all.
To enter this 7-mile (11 km) section one must carry-in 225 yards (200 M) from
the parking lot on the South Carolina side of the river.
The River flows quietly under the U.S. 76 Bridge, then around the bend it begins
to drop rapidly. The rapids are closer together and far more treacherous than
encountered in earlier sections. Two miles below U.S. 76 is Woodall Shoals, a
massive rock extending from the South Carolina side which appears to block the
channel . This is the most dangerous rapid on the River. Portaging around the
first drop of this rapid is recommended as the river hydraulic often
"captures" boats and people holding them for indefinite lengths of
time.
The road and parking areas located 350 yards (325 meters) from Woodall Shoals,
offers an opportunity for boaters to leave the River. The River below Woodall
Shoals approaches the limit of open canoes, and only expert boaters should
attempt this final portion. The River narrows to half its width before Seven
Foot Falls. It contains numerous class 3-4 rapids before entering the most
difficult section of the river - Five Falls. Undercut rocks, hydraulics, and
five rapids of varying intensity (Class 3 to 5) occurring within a 500-yard
distance make this area very dangerous. A short distance below Five Falls, the
Chattooga River is stilled by the waters of Lake Tugaloo. Boaters must paddle
two miles (3 km) across the lake to the take-out boat landing.
|
U.S. 76 to Woodall Shoals Gauge |
| |
Time in Hours |
| Water
Level (Ft.) |
1.0 |
2.0 |
2.5 |
| Raft |
1.5 |
1.0 |
.75 |
| Canoe |
1.0 |
.75 |
.5 |
| Kayak |
.75 |
.5 |
.5 |
|
U.S. 76 to Lake Tugaloo Gauge |
|
Time in Hours |
| Water
Level (Ft.) |
1.0 |
2.0 |
2.5 |
| Raft |
8 |
7 |
6 |
| Canoe |
7 |
6 |
5 |
| Kayak |
6 |
5 |
4 |
Regulations Of Use
Each float party leader must register. All floaters, on sections III and IV,
must wear a life jacket rated "Coast Guard Approved". On sections I
and II, boaters must have life saving device. All persons in decked craft, and
ALL floaters below Woodall Shoals, must wear a helmet. Minimum Party size: Above
Earl's Ford - 2 persons, 1 craft Below Earls Ford - 2 persons, 2 craft. Inner
tubes are prohibited below Earl's Ford. Rafts must have a minimum of two air
chambers. All floating is prohibited north of State Hwy. 28. Air mattresses,
motorized craft, or other craft deemed unsuitable by the U.S. Forest Service are
prohibited. Motorized vehicles are prohibited on all closed roads. All
commercial trips on the River must be under a special use permit issued by the
Forest Service at Walhalla. Camping is permitted at any location within the
corridor (not closed by signs) that is more than 1/4 mile from a road and that
is at least 50 feet from a trail, stream, or the river.
Information
For more information on and directions to the Chattooga Wild and Scenic River,
visit the USDA Forest Service website for the Francis Marion and Sumter National
Forests by
clicking
here.
